DNA BARCODING OF WILD CICHLID (Tilapia guineensis) FROM SELECTED WATER BODIES IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
Keywords:
Tilapia guineensis, DNA barcoding, Mitochondrial, Cytochrome oxidase, ElectrophoresisAbstract
Proper identification of organisms such as fish is essential for breeding programmes and species conservation. One of the most fundamental requirements in taxonomy is the ability to classify scientifically using DNA barcoding, because it correctly links biological specimens to actual species. This study aimed to establish a barcoding reference database for Tilapia guineensis and assessed the effectiveness of Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for species-level fish identification. DNA was isolated from fresh fish tissue (caudal fin) using the phenol-chloroform isoamyl alcohol method, and quantified with a spectrophotometer. The barcode gene region 5? of the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) was amplified using the Fish F1 primer. Amplified products were visualized using 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, then purified and sequenced unidirectionally. The sequences acquired were edited, examined, aligned, and compared to sequences from the Gene Bank. Phylogenetic tree was created using populations and other sequences from the Gene Bank. Three major clusters were formed, with 99% similarity in identification among populations. Also, 94% - 96% similarity was detected with other species from other countries. This study demonstrated a high level of confidence and accurate taxonomic identification of fish species from the water bodies in Southwestern Nigeria. Hence, pure Tilapia guineensis strains could be obtained from the wild as broodstocks.
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