Design and Construction of a Wireless Automatic Water Monitoring System

Abstract

Water management involves the planning, development, distribution, and control of the optimal use of water resources in an environment—sourced from boreholes, wells, and other means. Ensuring the sustainability of available water resources has become a critical concern globally, as water remains an essential element for human survival. Radio Frequency (RF) refers to the oscillation rate of electromagnetic radiation or radio waves. In this study, a Wireless Automatic Water Monitoring and Pump Control System was proposed, designed, and implemented to wirelessly monitor water levels in a tank using RF technology and to automatically control the pump operation. Sensors were placed at various levels in the tank to detect water levels at any given time. An embedded system, centred around the PIC16F877A microcontroller, was used to process input signals received via RF from the transmitter module. These inputs were processed through an inverter, and the resulting outputs determined whether the pump was activated or deactivated depending on the tank's water level. The system was tested and evaluated. Results showed that it accurately detected water levels and effectively managed the pump, switching it ON when water was low and OFF when the tank was full