AntiBacterial Potentials of Selected Synthetic Antibiotics and Clove Basil,Ocimum gratissimum against some Bacterial of the Skin and Guts of Clarias garienpinus Juveniles

Abstract

Abstract
The antibacterial activity of some selected antibiotics and Ocimum gratissimum aqueous leaf
extract against some bacteria isolated from Clarias garienpinus juveniles obtained from selected
farms at Ijebu-Ode was investigated. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
Streptococcus spp., Aeromonas hydrophilia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus mycoides,
Pseudomonas fluoresces, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella oxytoca and Micrococcus spp. were
isolated from the skin and gut of 50 C. gariepinus samples (6.30g/fish), using standard
microbiological methods. The total bacteria count (X 106CFU/mL) of skin (2.46±1.31) and gut
(2.16±2.29) were obtained from the samples. Result of sensitivities of identified bacteria varied
significantly (p<O.05) to the synthetic antibiotics and aqueous extract of O. gratissimum. All the
synthetic antibiotics tested showed greater inhibition zones (IZ) around the identified pathogen
than the aqueous extract ofthe test plant. Streptomycine had the greatest IZ (mm) on all the bacteria
(S. saprophyticus, 17.50±0.71; E. coli, 22.50±0.71; P. fluorescence, 20.50±0.71; P mirabilis,
19.00±1.41; B. subtilis, 25.00±1.41; Streptococcus spp., 32.00±0.00; A. hydrophilia, 18.50±0.71;
P. aeruginosa, 22.50±0.71; K. oxytoca, 17.50±0.71 andMicrococcus spp., 17.00±0.00). However,
the aqueous extract had antibacterial potentials (CLSI Standard IZ 2 14mm) in the control ofP
mirabilis (IZ, 14.50±0.7 Imm) and Micrococcus spp (IZ, 17.50±0.71mm). The minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the aqueous
extract on P mirabilis were 50% both, while on Microccocus spp., it was 50% (MIC) and 75%
(MBC). The antibacterial efficacies of O. gratisssimum extract against P mirabilis and
Micrococcus spp are a pointer to its potential use in the formulation of new and more potent
antibacterial drugs ofnatural origin against C. gariepinus juveniles pathogens.