HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATIONS IN RIVERS CHANCHAGA AND LAPAI GWARI, MINNA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Keywords:
Key words: Heavy metals; River Chanchaga; physicochemical parameters; water quality.Abstract
This study assessed the concentrations of heavy metals in Rivers Chanchaga (upstream) and Lapai Gwari (downstream), Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Over three months (July to September 2019), water samples were collected and temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and pH were measured. In addition, heavy metals such as Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Iron (Fe), were assessed. Temperature exhibited monthly variations, ranging from 24.4°C in August to 26.0°C in September. Dissolved oxygen levels varied from 4.12 mg/L (August) to 6.50 mg/L (July), while BOD increased from 0.88 mg/L to 1.88 mg/L. The pH was highest in August (8.97) and least in July (6.87). Lead (0.02 mg/L - 1.60 mg/L), Mn (0.07 mg/L - 0.24 mg/L), and Fe (0.08 mg/L - 0.36 mg/L) were in significant amounts in July, while Cu varied from 0.03 mg/L to 0.21 mg/L in September. The study identified industrial, urban, domestic, and agricultural sources as major contributors to water contamination in Rivers Chanchaga and Lapai Gwari. Effective management and mitigation measures are imperative to protect these vital water resources.
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