Growth performance and nutrient retention of rabbits fed graded levels of dietary cooked mango seed kernel (Mangifera indica)
Keywords:
Mangifera indica , Digestibility , Feed intake , Weight gain, RabbitsAbstract
Globally, maize is recognized as a major energy feed ingredient in the livestock industry. This has resulted in competition for maize between man and animals as a basic energy source in diets. The resultant effect is the high cost of maize translating into a high cost of animal feeds. This has necessitated the exploration of some unconventional ingredients such as mango seeds as substitutes or partial replacements for maize in animal feed. In an 8-week feeding trial experiment, forty-eight weaner chinchilla rabbits were randomly allotted to four treatments containing 0% (T1), 35% (T2), 40% (T3) and 45% (T4) inclusions of sun-dried cooked mango seed kernel (CMSK) as substitutes for maize in animal feed. Each treatment consisted of six replicates of two rabbits, each. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and, fat and protein retention were determined. Data obtained were analysed at P<0.05 level of significance. The inclusion of CMSK did not significantly affect feed intake. The daily weight gain of rabbits in T1 (8.01g), T2 (8.26g), and T3 (8.10g) were similar and significantly higher than the weight gain of rabbits fed T4 diet (7.23g). However, FCR did not significantly differ among treatments. The fat retention of rabbits ranged from 66.36% (T4) to 85.21% (T1), while protein retention was least for rabbits fed T4 (45.73%) and highest for those fed T3 (61.38%) diet. The study revealed that CMSK (40% substitution) could be incorporated into rabbit diets without deleterious effects on growth performance, fat and protein retention.
References
Abdalla, A. E., Darwish S. M., Ayad, E. H., El-Hamahmy R. M. (2007). Egyptian mango by-product 1. Compositional quality of mango seed kernel. Food Chemistry 103:1134–1140. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.10.017.
Adeyeye, S. A., Ayodele, S. O., Oloruntola, O. D., Agbede, J. O. (2019). Processed cocoa pod husk dietary inclusion: effects on the performance, carcass, haematogram, biochemical indices, antioxidant enzyme and histology of the liver and kidney in broiler chicken. Bulletin of the National Research Centre 43: 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-019-0096-8
Admasu, S., Wondifraw, Z., Gash, M. (2020). Effects of replacing maize with boiled mango (Mangifera indica) seed kernel on feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of Cobb 500 Broiler Chicken. Poultry, Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences 8: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.35248/2375-46X.20.8.211
Amao, E. A. and Siyanbola, M. F. (2013). Carcass and physiological response of broilers fed dry heat treated mango (Mangifera indica) kernel based diets. International Journal of Livestock Production 4 (3): 30-34.
Arogba, S. S. (2000). Mango (Mangifera indica) kernel: chromatographic analysis of the tannin, and stability study of the associated polyphenol oxidative activity. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 13 (2): 149- 156.
AOAC. (1990). Official Methods of Analysis. 15th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Washington DC.
Ashifat, A. A., Omotubga, S. K., Kehinde, A. S., Olayinka, O. O., and Edugbola, G. O. (2012). Proximate evaluation of nutritional value of mango (Mangifera indica). International Journal of Research in Chemistry and Environment 2 : 244–245.
Ashoush, I. S. and Gadallah M. G. E. (2011). Utilization of mango peels and seed kernel powders as sources of phytochemicals in biscuit. World Journal of Dairy and Food Sciences 6 : 35–42.
Dafwang, J. I., Ikani, E. J., Chikwendu, D. O., Adesheinwa, A. O. K., Annate, A. I., and Iwuayanwa, I. E. J. (2001). An assessment of adoption of non-conventional feed stuffs by poultry and rabbit. Poultry and Rabbit Research (3): 3-5
Deniz, G., Orhan, F., Gencoglu, H., Eren, M., Cengiz, S., Turkmen, I. (2007). Effects of different levels of rice bran with and without enzyme on performance and size of the digestive organs of broiler chickens. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 158 : 336–343.
Diarra, S. S. and Usman, B. A. (2008). Growth performance and some blood variables of broiler chickens fed raw or boiled mango kernel meal. International Journal of Poultry Science 7 (4): 315-318.
Diarra, S. S., Usman, B. A., and Igwebuike, J. U. (2010). Replacement value of boiled mango kernel meal for maize in broiler finisher diets. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 5 (1): 47-52.
Diarra S. S. (2014). Potential of mango (Mangifera indica L.) seed kernel as a feed ingredient for poultry: a review. World’s Poultry Science Journal 70:279–288.
Diarra, S. S., Saleh, B., Kwari, I. D., and Igwebuike, J. U. (2011). Evaluation of boiled mango kernel meal as energy source by broiler chickens in the semi-arid zone of Nigeria. International Journal of Science and Nature 2 (2): 270-274.
El Boushy, A. R. Y. and van der Poel, A. F. B. (2000). Handbook of poultry feed from waste: processing and use. Second edition. Springer-Verlag New York, 428
Fayeye, T. R. and Joseph, K. (2004). Effect of dietary dehulled, sundried mango kernel meal on growth and carcass characteristics of fryer rabbit. Journal of Agricultural Research and Development 3: 129-137
Islam, Md. S., Haque, Md. M., Shakhawat Hossain, M. (2015). Effect of corn moisture on the quality of poultry feed. Journal of Poultry Science and Technolology 3 (2): 24–31.
Kaushik, R. and Singhai, V. (2019). An approach for the development of a sensing system to monitor contamination in stored grain. The Sixth International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), 2019, pp. 880-884, doi:10.1109/SPIN.2019.8711604.
Lebaka, V. R., Wee, Y. J., Ye, W., Korivi, M. (2021). Nutritional composition and bioactive compounds in three different parts of mango fruit. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18(2):741 doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020741.
Moustafa, K. M. El-Breakaa, M. A., El-Saadany, A. S., and Farag, M. El. E. (2019). Effect of dietary mango seed kernel (Mangifera indica) as partial replacement of corn on productive and physiological performance of growing gimmizah cockerels. Egyptian Poultry Science Journal. 39: 865–879. doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2019.67507
Mutua, J. K., Imathiu, S. and Owino, W. (2016). Evaluation of the proximate composition, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial activity of mango seed kernel extracts. Food Science and Nutrition 5(2) : 349-357. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.399.
Odunsi, A. A. (2005). Response of laying hens and growing broilers to the dietary inclusion of mango (Mangifera indica L.) seed kernel meal. Tropical Animal Health and Production 37 (2): 139-150.
Okike, I., Wigboldus, S., Samireddipalle, A., Naziri, D., Adesehinwa, A. O. K., Adejoh, V. A., Amole, T., Bordoloi, S. and Kulakow, P. (2022). Turning waste to wealth: harnessing the potential of cassava peels for nutritious animal feed. In: Thiele, G., Friedmann, M., Campos, H., Polar, V., Bentley, J. W. (Eds.), Root, Tuber and Banana Food System Innovations: Value Creation for Inclusive Outcomes. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 173–206. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92022-76
Olugosi, O., Agbede, J., Onibi, G., Adebayo, I., Ayeni, A., (2020). Biologically upgraded cocoa pod husk: Effect on growth performance, haemato-biochemical indices and antioxidant status of broiler chickens. Journal of Food, Nutrition and Agriculture. 3: 26. https://doi.org/10.21839/jfna.2020.v3.333
Omer, H., Tawila, M., Gad, S., and Abdel Magid, S. (2019). Mango (Mangifera indica) seed kernels as untraditional source of energy in Rahmani sheep rations. Bulletin of the National Research Centre 43: 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-019-0241-4
Orijajogun, J. O., Batari L. M. and Aguzue O. C. (2014). Chemical composition and phytochemical properties of mango (Mangifera indica) seed kernel. International Journal of Advanced Chemistry 2: 185–187.
Shittu, M. D., Olabanji, R. O., Ojebiyi, O. O., Amao, O. A. and Ademola, S. G. (2013). Nutritional evaluation of processed mango (Mangifera indica - Kent) seed kernel meal as replacement for maize in the diet of growing crossbred rabbits. Online Journal of Animal Feed Research 3 (5): 210-215.
Weldegerima, G., Niguse, M., Gebresilassie, L., and Berhe, A. (2015). Evaluation of replacing maize with mango (Mangifera indica) kernel on fertility and hatchability parameters of layer hens. Livestock Research for Rural Development 27: 1-10.
Zare-Sheibani, A. A., Arab, M., Zamiri, M. J., Rezvani, M. R., Dadpasand, M. and Ahmadi, F. (2015). Effects of extrusion of rice bran on performance and phosphorous bioavailability in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Science and Technology 57(1): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40781-015-0059-z
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 03/31/2023 (3)
- 10/18/2022 (2)
- 10/11/2022 (1)
